Abstract: Background: Heart disease complicates approximately 1% to 3% of pregnancies. Cardiovascular illness is the primary non-obstetric cause of maternal mortality. Pregnant women are mostly affected by congenital and acquired heart issues.
Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of General Medicine, Sambhram Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Kolar, Karnataka, India from January 2017 to December 2017. The study examined 120 instances of heart illness that negatively impacted pregnancy. Cardiac illness was present in 1.29 percent of the women who gave birth at this location. Among a sample of 120 women, 95 were admitted for the purpose of safe confinement, 4 underwent a first trimester abortion, and 2 experienced an ectopic pregnancy that resulted in rupture. Cardiac disease was detected in 33% of the women for the first time during pregnancy. The incidence of RHD was found to be 19% among patients, MVP in 6% of cases, and CHD in 7% of cases. Teenage pregnancies were found to be correlated with heart disease in two instances. Rheumatic heart disease is observed in 53% of instances, whereas congenital heart disease is detected in 44% of women.
Results: A total of 95 women (92%) exhibited symptoms classified as NYHA class I or II. 25 cases of solitary multiple sclerosis (46.16%) were observed. VSD was identified as the most prevalent congenital heart disease among a cohort of 23 women. There were 18 incidents involving Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). ASD with PHT is observed in two instances. A total of 18 ladies underwent cardiac surgery to repair their hearts. A total of 10 individuals underwent surgical intervention for congenital heart disease, with 8 of these patients undergoing right heart valve surgery. A total of 78 women underwent natural childbirth, with 3 instances involving assisted delivery and 16 instances necessitating a caesarian section. Intraoperative problems were observed in three instances, but postoperative complications were observed in 10 cases. The NICU received admissions for a total of 11 newborns, with 19 of them being premature. Three infants died. Nine cases (9%) were provided with ventilator assistance.
Conclusion: During the course of our inquiry, we documented two instances of maternal mortality. A pulmonary embolism with cardio respiratory arrest was identified as the cause during the postoperative phase.
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